代名词在各国英语assignment写作中是非常常见,并且也是很简单的一类知识点,也正是如此才更容易在英语写作语法中出错。所以今天东方代写小编将为大家分享几个诀窍,避免再出现代名词的使用错误。让你的写作更严谨,说到严谨我就要推荐一下最严谨的华人代写机构东方代写了!了解一下!
1、当指称某人或某事时,代名词的使用应保持一致。
举个例子:Self-efficacy refers to one’s belief in his or her ability to solve specific problems by applying their knowledge,在这个句子中,作者实用率one、his、her以及they来指称同一个人,从而导致整个句子的语意不清。鉴于此,我们建议作者选择一个单一的代名词并从头到尾保持一致,以避免读者混淆。譬如上句经修改变为:Self-efficacy refers to individuals’beliefs in their ability to solve specific problems by applying their knowledge。至于为什么不选择使用one?让我们继续看下去。
2、避免使用One
虽然在文法上使用它是没有错的,但却很少被用到学术写作中,因为one的使用会让人觉得作者做作且自负。再者,one没有所有格形式(如:mine、yours、hers等),无法表达one的所用格。相较美式英语,英式英语中更常使用one。
3、大多数期刊会要求使用中性的文字以避免性别歧视
当你在表达一个假设情况时,请尽量避免使用he,例如:A patient with Alzheimer disease may pose a burden to his family。这样的语言会强化社会偏见且让女性读者感到疏离。最简单直接的做法是将单数概念改为复数:Patients with Alzheimer disease may pose a burden to their families。另一个常用办法是使用he or she或his or her,但当这一用法频繁出现在一篇文章中,会使文章看上去相当冗赘。还有一种做法是使用不同性别的代名词,如:A patient with Alzheimer disease may pose a burden to his family.His family doctor should therefore consider whether to prescribe community support when she consults with him。此处,使用he来指称那位病患,并使用she来指称病患的家庭医生,同时用了两种性别的代名词。
4、另一个常见的代名词错误是代名词的单复数不一致
以下句为例:Cities with an effective mayor can flourish,句中使用了复数的城市,而市长却是单数,发生单复数不一致。应将句子改为:Cities with effective mayors can flourish或A city with an effective mayor can flourish。重要的是不可单复数混用,以避免不合逻辑的情况。
5、尽量避免使用虚拟代名词(dummy pronouns)
虚拟代名词指没有实际指代对象的代名词,it就常被用作虚拟代名词。例句:It is clear that elaboration of the activated microglia should be prevented,句中it没有任何意思,其功能仅是开启一个句子,该句可改写为:Elaboration of the activated microglia should clearly be prevented。请务必注意区分it是否为虚拟代名词。例如:On 28 March 2017,a mild-magnitude earthquake struck Springfield.It caused the destruction of a water tower and several automobiles,这里的it很清楚的是在指前一句提到的地震。相反地,It is evident that enterprises that do not alter their strategies will not survive,这里的it没有指代任何东西,因此被视为虚拟的而可以删除,而这个句子也必须做改写。
6、避免不明确的先行词(antecedents)
这基本上表示您应确保代名词所指称的对象必须是清楚的。以这个句子为例:Ca was located in the bone marrow;subsequently,it was added to culture media,读者无法清楚知道究竟是Ca(钙)或是bone marrow(骨髓)被放进culture media(培养皿)中,究其原因在于it的先行词未交待明确。为使语意清楚,可将句子改写:Ca was located the bone marrow and was subsequently added to culture media。
以上便是留学生作业网关于代名词使用常出现的错误所提出的小建议,希望能过帮助大家掌握留学作业写作中代名词的使用。
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